awk - 数据提取和报告工具 (4) 实战

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awk - 数据提取和报告工具 (4) 实战-min.png

Synopsis: awk通常用作数据提取和报告工具,例如生成格式化报告。awk语言广泛使用字符串数据类型,关联数组(即按键字符串索引的数组)和正则表达式。程序由一系列规则rule组成(程序也可能包含用户自定义的函数), 每个规则指定一个要搜索的模式pattern和匹配到模式后的动作action,模式和动作至少要指定一个。如果省略pattern,则action将应用于每一条记录(通常是每一行);如果省略action,默认是{ print $0 }将当前记录整体打印输出

awk系列:


1. 打印指定列

1. 默认以空白字符为字段的分隔符
# awk '{ print $1 }' /etc/passwd | head -n 3
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

2. 指定FS
# awk -F: '{ print $1 }' /etc/passwd | head -n 3
root
bin
daemon

2. 格式化输出

分类: Linux
标签: awk gawk GNU
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未经允许不得转载: LIFE & SHARE - 王颜公子 » awk - 数据提取和报告工具 (4) 实战

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